Fall Bulb Planting Guide: When and How to Plant Tulips, Daffodils and Crocus
Plant bulbs this fall for a burst of color next spring. Learn the right timing for your zone, planting depth, and how to keep squirrels from digging them up.
In this article
There's no better gardening reward than the first tulips and daffodils of spring, and they all start with bulbs planted in fall. Spring-blooming bulbs need a period of winter cold to bloom, so autumn is the time to get them in the ground.
When to plant
A good rule of thumb is to plant bulbs in fall after the soil has cooled but at least several weeks before the ground freezes, giving them time to grow roots. Many gardeners aim for when soil temperatures drop below about 60°F.
- Colder northern zones: often September to October.
- Middle zones: often October to November.
- Warm southern zones: often November to December. Some bulbs, like tulips, may need pre-chilling in the refrigerator for several weeks in the warmest climates (keep them away from ripening fruit).
Check your USDA Plant Hardiness Zone and local cooperative extension office for timing in your area.
How deep to plant
The general rule is to plant bulbs two to three times as deep as the bulb is tall. Large tulips and daffodils usually go about 6 to 8 inches deep, and small bulbs like crocus and grape hyacinth about 3 to 4 inches. Plant with the pointy end up. If you can't tell, plant the bulb on its side and it will find its way.
Choosing a site
- Sun: most spring bulbs need at least six hours of sun.
- Drainage: bulbs rot in soggy soil. Avoid low spots where water collects, and amend heavy clay with compost.
Plant in groups for impact
Instead of single rows, plant bulbs in clusters or drifts of 10 or more for a natural, eye-catching display. For long-lasting color, combine early, mid and late-season bloomers.
Keeping squirrels and deer away
- Daffodils are toxic to rodents and deer, so they're usually left alone.
- Tulips and crocus are favorite snacks. Lay chicken wire over the planting area before covering with mulch, or plant inside wire bulb cages.
- Clean up papery bulb skins after planting. Their scent can attract digging animals.
After planting
Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil and encourage root growth, then add a layer of mulch. In spring, let the foliage die back naturally after blooming. The leaves feed the bulb for next year's flowers.
Pet safety
Tulip and daffodil bulbs are toxic to dogs and cats if eaten. Store bulbs out of reach and watch dogs that like to dig.
